Catatan : Tugas ini gua buat pertamanya nyari dari buku2 bahas inggris terus gua terjemahin asal-asal :) maklum waktu itu masih SMP yang penting tugas selesai tepat waktu :) Kalo tepat waktu kan dapet nilai dan entah bener apa salah itu udah laen cerita :) Seenggaknya gua udah ngerjain dan nggak ngerjain dua kali :) Jadi kalo ada yang baca ini ya maaf, teks inggrisnya bener tapi terjemahannya gila-sumpah- amburadul
KLIPING
KISAH
(NARRATIVES TEXT)
Oleh
AULA NURUL MA’RIFAH
SMP NEGERI 19 BANDAR LAMPUNG
2008
My Grandmother
My grandmother is eighty years old. She is tall and thin. She has a wrinkled face and small bright eyes. She is a light-hearted woman and she likes telling stories. She is also famous for her jokes. One day my mother went to her and said,” Come and see the new chickens. They are very funny.” My grandmother quickly said,” I like chickens better on a dish.”
All kinds of people, young and old, rich and poor, love her because she always has a kind word or joke for every body. Children come to her for stories and for little presents. Women come to ask her for advice about their problems. She is always smiling. She usually says:” We have only this one life, and we pleased God if show with our smiles that we like it. It is easier to be happy than to be sad.” When one of her friends is busy or has to go out for a few hours, my grandmother takes care of her body or little child. Children are always happy to be with her. She never eats much. She says that small meals keep our body active and awake. She likes tea, and she has a special way of making and drinking it. She never drinks tea with children. She would drink it with her friends, but never with children. She would drink it with her friends, but never with more then two friends at one time. When children ask her for tea, she gives them the little glasses to drink out of. Children often ask for tea, not because they are thirsty, but because they like her little colored glasses. They always drink tea from these little glasses, but not one glass is broken. They love my grandmother, they like her tea and her many delightful stories, and while they are with her, and they are well-behaved and happy.
Conclusion:
Every good man/women will be loved by everyone. So we should be good person and should be light-hearted.
Going To Songgoriti
Today is Saturday. It is six o’clock in the morning. The students of edu Elementary school are going to go Malang. They are going to visit Songgoriti. They don’t have any lesson today.
Some of the students go with their parents but some of theme go by themselves. There are three buses in front of education Elementary School. These three buses are going to take the student of the sixth year to Songgoriti at six thirty.
The students are going to stay the night at Arumdalu Hotel. They choose this hotel because it’s near Songgoriti, furthermore Arumdalu Hotel has two swimming polls, one is for adults and another is for children. There is also a playground, so we can our enjoy weekends there.
artinya:
Pergi ke songgoriti
Hari ini adalah hari sabtu. Waktu menunjukkan pukul 06.00 pagi. Para siswa dari sekolah dasar pergi ke Malang. Mereka pergi berkunjung ke Songgoriti. Mereka tidak mempunyai banyak hari.
Beberapa sisiwa pergi bersama orang tuanya, tetapi ada dari bebberapa dari mereka pergi sendiri. Ada tiga bus berada di depan sekolah dasar. Tiga bus ini pergi untuk membawa pelajar dari kelas enam ke Songgoriti. Bus pergi dari Surabaya menuju Songgoriti pada pukul 06.30.
Para pelajar pergi bermalam di hotel Arumdalu. Mereka memilih hotel ini kerena dekat dengan Songgoriti, lagi pula hotel Arumdalu mempunyai dua kolam renang. Satu untuk orang dewasa dan yang satunya lagi untuk anak-anak. Di sana juga ada sebuah tempat bermain, jadi kami bisa bersantai pada akhir pekan.
THE SOCIETY
About eight percent of our live in villages. Most of them are farmers. Their education are only elementary school. Some of them are not able to cultivate their farms well. They live are very simple, but they are happy. They usually help each other and work together. They go from one place to another on foot or by public transport.
The villagers live full with calmness and peace. Many people leave their farms and villages to go down and cities. They hope better life. They villagers don’t realize that live in the town or city people who have good knowledge and skill. At last become beggars and live near the rail road or under the bridges.
MASYARAKAT
Sekitar delapan persen dari masyarakat tinggal di desa. Kebanyakan dari mereka adalah petani. Pendidikan mereka hanya terbatas sekolah dasar. Beberapa dari mereka tidak dapat mengolah sawah mereka dengan baik. Mareka hidup sangat sederhana, tetapi mereka sangat bahagia. Mereka biasa tolong menolong satu sama lain dan bekerja sama. Mereka pergi dari satu tempat ke tempat lain dengan berjalan kaki atau kendaraan umum.
Penduduk desa tinggal dengan tenang dan damai. Banyak orang meninggalkan sawah mereka untuk pergi ke kota. Mereka berharap hidup lebih baik. Para penduduk desa tidak tahu bahwa hidup di kota sangat sulit. Mereka tidak melengkapi atau membekali diri mereka seperti orang kota ysng punys pengetahuan yang baik akhirnysa mereka menjadi miskin dan tinggal di dekat jalur kereta atau di bawah jembatan.
My family
There are four people in my family. They are my father, my mother, my younger sister and my self. My father is a teacher. My mother is a housewife. My sister and I student. I am twelve years old and my sister is ten years old. I am in the first year of junior high school and my sister is in primary school, class five. We love our parents very much. We are a happy family.
Artinya:
Keluargaku
Ada empat orang-orang di (dalam) keluarga ku. mereka adalah ayah ku, ibu ku, adik perempuan ku dan diri ku. Ayah ku adalah seorang guru. Ibu ku adalah seorang ibu rumah tangga. Saudari ku dan aku adalah siswa. Aku berusia dua belas tahun dan saudari ku adalah berusia sepuluh tahun. Aku adalah di tahun pertama dari sekolah menengah pertama dan saudari ku adalah di (dalam) sekolah dasar, kelas lima. kami mencintai orang tua kami sangat banyak. kita adalah suatu keluarga bahagia.
Traditional and National Costume
In cities, Indonesian men wear clothes of Western style Traditional influence can be seen in the black velvet caps they put on their heads. indonesian women wear batik- patterned dresses and scarves called selendang over their shoulders.
In some areas the women wear sarong tied around the waist, a baju, which is a loose blouse, and a selendang, a scarf draped over one shoulder. The man wear loose shirts and trousers. A knee length sarong skirt, tied at the waist, is often worn as informal attire. They also wear a peci, a black velvet cap.
Indian women wear saris ( long, loose, robes). Chinese women wear the pajamalike samfao or the straight dress with side slits called cheongsam. Most Indian, Chinese, Malay, ang Indonesian men wear Western-style clothes in big cities.
Artinya:
Pakaian nasional dan tradisional
Di dalam kota, orang indonesia memakai pakaian dari Pengaruh gaya yang tradisional barat dapat dilihat di kopiah beludru yang hitam yang mereka kenakan di kepala mereka. Wanita-wanita indonesia memakai batikdan pakaian yang dipolakan yang selendang syal di pakai di atas bahu mereka.
Dalam beberapa area wanita-wanita memakai sarong mengikat di sekitar pinggang, suatu baju, yang mana adalah suatu mepaskan blus, dan suatu selendang, suatu syal menyaput di atas satu bahu. Pakaian orang lepaskan kemeja dan pantalon. Suatu sarong panjangnya menyusup lutut, mengikat di pinggang, adalah sering dikenakan ketika pakaian informal. mereka juga memakai suatu peci, suatu kopiah beludru yang hitam.
Wanita-Wanita orang India memakai kain sari( [panjang/lama], lepas, jubah). Chinese/Cina wanita-wanita memakai samfao yang pajamalike atau pakaian yang lurus/langsung dengan sisi [yang] cheongsam celah yang [disebut/dipanggil]. Kebanyakan Orang India, Cina, Melayu, ang Orang Indonesia memakai Western-Style pakaian di (dalam) kota yang besar.
Giant tree
Once upon a time there was a boy named Jack, who lived with his mother in a small village. They were very poor and their only possession was a cow, which gave them milk, an old axe, which hung on the wall of their house.
One day his mother said to Jack,” we are so poor we must sell the cow. You must take it to the market and sell it to buy food.”
So Jack took the cow and set off to market. On his way there he meet old man who offered to exchange Jack’s cow for some beans. Jack said,” my mother will be very angry with me if I don’t take back money. We need to buy food.”
“Don’t worry”, replied the old man. “These are no ordinary beans. They are magic beans, and they will bring you good luck!”
Jack felt sorry for the old man, for he looked even poorer than Jack, and so he agreed to exchange the cow for the magic beans.
“You are a kind boy”, said the old man,” You will be well rewarded.” When he got home and told his mother what he had done, she was very angry.
“You stupid boy”, she shouted. “You have sold our most valuable possession for a handful of beans. “And she threw the beans out of window.
The next day, when Jack woke up, there, in the garden, where his mother had thrown the beans, was a huge beanstalk. It was as thick as a tree and so tall it seemed to go right up into the sky. Jack stared and stared at the beanstalk, and remembered the old man’s words. Taking his axe, he began to climb up the beanstalk. Up and up he climbed. For many hours he kept climbing until, at last, he could see the top of the beanstalk, asleep on the ground, was a huge ugly giant. And in front of him lay a heap of treasure. There were gold and silver coins, and piles of precious jewels. Very quietly as so not to make the giant wake up, Jack started to fill his coat pockets with the giant’s treasure.
Just as Jack had taken all he could carry, the giant opened one eye and saw Jack, “Who are you?” he roared. He opened the other eye, and then he stood up. Jack could hardly see his head it was so far away. He turned and ran and started to climb down the beanstalk as fast as he could. The giant strode after him, and Jack felt sure he was about to die !
But as the giant was about to reach down and grab Jack, Jack remembered the axe. He swung it backwards and then, as hard as he could, he chopped into the beanstalk just above his head. Again and again he chopped until, at last, the top of the beanstalks crashed down out of the sky, carrying he giant with it. With a loud roar he disappeared and feel to earth. And Jack climbed safely down the beanstalk carrying enough jewels to look after his mother and himself for the rest of his life.
Artinya:
Pohon raksasa
Pada suatu waktu; sekali peristiwa ada seorang anak laki-laki yang dinamai Jack, siapa yang menyesuaikan diri ibu nya brown kampung yang kecil. Mereka adalah sangat miskin dan pemilikan mereka satu-satunya adalah seorang sapi, yang memberi pemerahan susu, kampak ahli, yang menggantung dengan diam-diam dinding dari rumah mereka.
Suatu hari ibu Jack yang mengakatakan kepada nya," kita menjadi sangat miskin kita harus menjual sapi itu. Kamu harus mengambilnya kepada pasar dan menjual nya untuk membeli makanan."
Maka Jack mengambil sapi dan memasang untuk menjual. Dalam perjalanannya ke sana ia bertemu suami siapa yang menawarkan untuk menukar Sapi dongkrak untuk beberapa kacang. Dongkrak yang dikatakan," ibu ku akan jadi sangat marah dengan aku jika aku tidak menarik kembali uang. Kita harus membeli makanan."
"Jangan cemas ", yang dijawab yang tua. "Ini adalah bukan kacang yang biasa. Mereka adalah kacang sihir, dan mereka akan membawa kamu semoga sukses!"
Jack merasa kasihan pada yang tua, karena ia melihat bahkan lebih miskin dari Jack, dan demikian ia menyetujui pertukaran sapi untuk kacang sihir.
" Kamu adalah seorang sesama anak laki-laki", yang dikatakan yang tua," Kamu akan jadi dihadiahi dengan baik." Ketika ia tiba dirumah; sampai dirumah dan menceritakan kepada ibunya apa yang ia telah lakukan, dia sangat marah.
" Kamu anak laki-laki yang dungu", dia berteriak. " Kamu sudah menjual pemilikan yang sangat berharga bagi kita untuk segenggam penuh kacang. " Dan dia melemparkan kacang ke luar dari jendela.
Hari berikut, kapan Jack bangun, di sana, di kebun, di mana ibunya yang telah melemparkan kacang itu, adalah suatu kesalahan yang sangat besar. Itu adalah sama tebal seperti suatu pohon dan demikian jangkung itu nampak untuk pergi atas benar ke dalam langit. Jack yang terbelalak dan membelalak di beanstalk, dan diingat kata-kata yang tua. Pengambilan kampak nya, ia mulai untuk mendaki beanstalk itu. atas dan atas Ia memanjat. Karena banyak waktu yang ia menjaga pemanjatan sampai, pada akhirnya, ia bisa lihat puncak beanstalk, tertidur ditempat itu, adalah suatu raksasa yang buruk sangat besar. Dan di depan dia meletakkan setumpuk harta benda. Ada emas dan koin perak, dan bawasir dari permata yang mahal. Dengan tenang ketika sangat bukan untuk membuat raksasa adalah bangun, Jack yang dimulai mengisi mantelnya mengantongi dengan harta benda raksasa.
Sama halnya Jack yang telah mengambil semua ia bisa membawa, raksasa yang dibuka satu mata dan Jack gergaji, " Siapakah engkau?" ia meraung. Ia membuka mata yang lain, dan kemudian ia berdiri. Jack bisa dengan susah lihat kepala nya itu menjadi sangat jauh sekali. Ia memutar dan berlari dan memulai untuk turun beanstalk ketika cepatseperti ia bisa. Raksasa melangkah setelah dia, dan Jack yang dirasakan pasti ia akan mati!
Tetapi ketika raksasa akan menjangkau bawah dan merebut Jack, Jack ingat kampak itu. Ia mengayunkannya memutar kembali dan kemudian, sama keras seperti ia, ia bisa mencincang ke dalam beanstalk sedikit di atas kepala nya. Berulang-Ulang ia mencincang sampai, pada akhirnya, puncak beanstalks yang dirobohkan bawah ke luar dari langit, membawa ia raksasa dengan itu. Dengan suatu raungan yang nyaring ia menghilang dan merasakan ke bumi. Dan Jack yang dipanjat dengan aman sepanjang beanstalk yang membawa permata cukup untuk memelihara ibu nya dan sendirinya ketinggalan dari hidup nya.
Cooking is My Hobby
I like cooking very much. I cook on Sundays when I do not go to school. I learn it from my mother. She is a wonderful cook. I learn to cook for the family meals, breakfast, lunch, and dinner. Now I am able to cook some soup and dishes for my family. I love it.
My father love “tuna” very much. I usually cook it for him. He usually eats a lot after work. It is exactly in the evening for the dinner time. I am happy if all the family like my cooking.
Artinya:
Masakan adalah kegemaranku
Aku suka masakan sangat banyak. Aku memasak pada hari minggu ketika aku tidak pergi ke sekolah. Aku belajar nya dari ibuku. Dia adalah suatu juru masak yang sangat hebat. Aku belajar untuk memasak untuk makanan keluarga, sarapan, makan siang, dan makan malam. Sekarang aku bisa memasak beberapa sup dan hidangan untuk keluarga ku. Aku mencintai itu.
Ayahku menyukai "ikan tuna" sangat banyak. Pada umumnya aku memasaknya untuk dia. Ia pada umumnya makan banyak setelah bekerja. Itu adalah persisnya pada malam hari untuk waktu makan malam. Aku bahagia jika semua keluarga sepertiku memasak.
MAGIC CANDLE
One day, a young wanderer got lost in the wood. Suddenly he saw a light from an old hut. He knocked at the door and an old woman opened it. She was crying. She said that the devil had stolen her magic candle. The candle could grant anything she asked. The wanderer asked her where the devil lived. “in a castle not far from here, “said the old woman.
The wanderer was not in the castle. There she found the devil, but he was old and week. Therefore, when the wanderer grabbed the magic candle from the devil’s table and ran away, he couldn’t chase him.
The wanderer was not a kind man. He didn’t return the candle to the old woman, but kept it for himself. He lit a candle and made a wish, “I want to go far away from here. ”suddenly the genies appeared and took him to a beautiful palace. At the same time, there was a party in the palace. The wanderer wanted to make some money. So, he lit the candle again and wished for some jewelry. He sold them to the guests and was soon making a lot of money.
The princess came to buy the jewelries, but there was nothing left. She was very disappointed because she couldn’t buy them. She asked him to come to the palace again next time she had a party. When the party came, she brought all of jewelries. He admired the princess very much and the felt in love with her and asked her to marry him. The prince agreed with the wanderer’s wish. Then, they got married the next day.
In happiness, the wanderer told the princes about his adventure and the magic candle. Hearing that, the princess got very angry. When he was sleeping soundly at night, she took the candle. She lit the candle and made a wish that the wanderer disappeared.
The following morning, the wanderer awoke and found himself back in his ugly house in the far away village.
Conclusion:
Something that is obtained badly (unwell), will be easy to lose again, because it is not his/her right.
Man and his son
A man and his son were once going with their Donkey to market. As they were walking along by its side a countryman passed them and said” you fool, what is a Donkey for but to ride upon?”
So the man put the boy on the Donkey and they went on their way. But soon they passed a group of men, one of whom said, “see that lazy youngster, he lets father walk while he rides.”
So the man had his boy get off, and got on himself. But they hadn’t gone far when they passed two women, one of whom said to the other, “Shame on that lazy lout to make his poor little son trudge along.”
The man didn’t know what to do, but at last he took his boy up before him on the Donkey. By this time they had come to the town, and the passers-by began to jeer and point at them. The man stopped and asked what they were scoffing at. The men said, “Aren’t you ashamed of yourself for overloading that poor Donkey of yours - you and your hulking son?”
The man and boy got off and tried to think what to do. They thought and they thought, till at last they cut down a pole, tied the Donkey’s feet to it, and raised the pole and the Donkey to their shoulders. They went along amid the laughter of all who met them till they came to Market Bridge, when the Donkey, getting one of his feet loose, kicked out and caused the boy to drop his end of the pole. In the struggle the Donkey fell over bridge, and his fore-feed being tied together he was drowned,
“That will tech you,”said an old man who had followed them:
“Please all and you will please none.”
Conclusion:
We have to do something well and precisely. We have to use our mind in order not to be impressionable, that probably can harm ourselves in the end.
The Children of Lir
King Lir lived long ago in Ireland. He had four children, two boys and two girls, whom he loved dearly. However stepmother was jealous. She wove a spell that turned the children into swans.
Lir was heart-broken. His beard and hair turned white with grief as he searched for his children. One day he saw four swans. He did not realize who they were, although they recognized him as their father.
The spell could only be broken if the mountain on the north was joined to the one in the south. This seemed possible, but after many years all the birds flew into the air and formed an arc between the mountains. The swans were transformed and Lir saw his children once more. They were no longer young, but had grown old, with hair as white as their father's.
Conclusion:
Usually stepmother is not wise to her stepchildren. If a man wants to get new wife, he should try to get a good and wise one.
KEVIN’S ACTIVITIES
Kevin gets up at five o’clock in the morning. He brushes his teeth at five ten. He takes a bath at five fifteen. He has breakfast at half past five every morning.
Kevin goes to school at six five in the morning. He arrives at school at six forty every morning. The school begins at seven o’clock in the morning. And the school finishes at one fifteen in the afternoon. Kevin arrives at home at two o’clock in the afternoon. He has lunch at ten pas two in the afternoon.
At home, Kevin takes anap at three o’clock. He watches television at five in the afternoon. He has dinner at seven in the evening. He studies at seven thirty. He goes to bed at nine thirty.
Conclusion:
Every good has to live in discipline way or has to make a schedule of all daily activites. He/she has to do everything orderly in order to be successful.
Irfan’s Hobby
Irfan is my classmate. He loves camping he joins scout act in our school. One of the activities is camping. The scouts usually go camping for two days on Saturday and Sunday. It is usually called as “Persami”.
Irfan ia a diligent and creative boy scout. He never misses the camping. Last week he and his other friends went camping to Mount Salak in Bogor. There were about twenty students. They departed from their school last Friday at 7.00 a. m. They and 3 advisors arrived there at about 11.00 a.m. Soon all of the boy scouts built the tent and arranged the necessary facilities there. At night they made camp fire and made creative attraction to spend the night away from home. Then after two days Irfan thought that camping can build our personality to be independent, responsible, and creative. It is also fantastic, fun, and terrific.
Artinya:
Kegemaran Irfan
Irfan adalah teman sekelas ku. Ia mencintai berkemah ia bergabung dengan pemandu bertindak didalam sekolah kami. Salah satu dari aktivitas sedang berkemah. Pemandu pada umumnya berkemah untuk dua hari pada hari Sabtu dan Minggu. Itu adalah pada umumnya disebut seperti " Persami".
Irfan ia adalah anggota pramuka yang kreatif dan rajin. Ia tidak pernah luput/kehilangan yang berkemah itu. Minggu yang lalu ia dan para teman lainnya berkemah untuk Mendaki gunung Salak di Bogor. Ada sekitar duapuluh para siswa. Mereka meninggalkan sekolah mereka berlangsung Jumat pada 7.00 a. m. Mereka dan 3 penasehat tiba di sana pada sekitar 11.00 a.m. Segera semua pramuka yang dibangun tenda dan mengatur fasilitas yang perlu ke sana. Pada malam hari mereka buat api unggun dan buat atraksi kreatif untuk melewatkan malam menjauh dari rumah. Kemudian setelah dua hari Irfan yang dipikirkan itu berkemah kaleng membangun kepribadian kamiuntuk mandiri, bertanggung jawab, dan kreatif. Ini juga ajaib, kesenangan, dan hebat.
Mount have Fire.
Volcanoes often erupt with great force and spectacular fireworks displays. More than five hundred volcanoes are still active throughout (he world, but scientists are not completely sure what causes them to erupt.
Most scientists, however, believe that magma - hot, liquid rock deep inside the earth -begins to move under the great pressure of the earth's crust. As the magma becomes more active, it gets hotter and hotter and expands in volume. Water vapor and other gases are given off by the molten rock, and these build up tremendous pressures.
The magma then forces itself upward through cracks and other channels of weakness in the earth's crust until it finally bursts through the surface in a shower of lava, ash, steam, and gases.
Artinya:
Gunung berapi
Gunung api sering meletus dengan kekuatan yang besar dan mercon yang menarik memajang. Lebih dari lima ratus gunung api masih aktip dalam keseluruhannya di dunia, tetapi ilmuwan tidaklah dengan sepenuhnya pasti penyebab apa yang membuat mereka untuk meletus.
Kebanyakan ilmuwan, bagaimanapun, percaya bahwa magma yang panas, cairan mengayun-ayun mendalam di dalam bumi mulai untuk pindah gerakkan di bawah tekanan yang besar di kulit keras di bumi. Ketika magma menjadi lebih aktip, itu mendapatkan lebih panas dan lebih panas dan memperluas di dalam volume. Uap air dan gas lain disemburkan oleh dicairkan batu karang, dan ini membangun tekanan yang luar biasa.
Magma kemudian angkatan perang dirinya sendiri menaik melalui letusan dan lain saluran dari kelemahan dalam kulit keras bumi sampai itu akhirnya meretak melalui permukaan dalam suatu gerimis dari lahar, pohon dengan kayu keras, uap air, dan gas.
Wood very in Require.
People in the wood industry believe that the practice of cutting down trees should continue. On the other hand, many people want to ban it altogether. Which" side is right? First of all; lei us look at the arguments used to support the wood trade and then look at those of its opponents.
To begin with, the wood industry claims the wood is natural material for housing and furniture that man has used since pre-historic time. In addition, the need for wood provides jobs for many people in the rural areas. And wood is used by millions of people to build houses and make beautiful furniture.
Opponents believe that there are now so many different kinds of materials that it is no longer necessary or indeed just to cut down trees in the forests for wood. In addition, the cutting down of trees leads to heat in dry seasons and increase in both frequency and harshness of flooding in a wet season. These floods in turn cause erosion. These environmental changes have a Negative impact on the livelihood of people.
On balance, I believe that the cutting down of trees should be banned. Respite the fact that wood is necessary for building and furniture, man should team to share the earth with the creatures and other living things, not just exploit them.
Artinya:
Kayu sangt di butuhkan
Orang-Orang di industri kayu percaya bahwa praktek dari mengurangi pohon perlu melanjut. Pada sisi lain, banyak orang-orang ingin mengutuknya sama sekali semuanya. Yang mana" sisi adalah benar? pertama Dari semua; kalung bunga kami lihat di pendukungan argumentasi yang digunakan untuk kayu berdagang dan kemudian memperhatikan mereka yang lawan nya.
Dimulai dengan, industri kayu mengaku kayu adalah material alami untuk memondokkan dan mebel yang orang telah menggunakan sejak waktu yang prasejarah. Sebagai tambahan, kebutuhan akan kayu menyediakan pekerjaan tidak tetap untuk banyak orang-orang di area yang pedesaan itu. Dan kayu digunakan oleh berjuta-juta orang-orang untuk membangun rumah dan membuat mebel yang indah.
Lawan percaya bahwa sekarang ada sangat banyak macam yang berbeda tentang bahan-bahan, bakal-bakal bahwa tidak lagi perlu atau tentu saja hanya untuk dipotong pohon di hutan untuk kayu. Sebagai tambahan, mengurangi dari pohon memimpin ke arah panas di dalam musim kemarau dan meningkatkan di dalam kedua-duanya frekwensi dan kekerasan dari menggenangi brown musim yang basah. Banjir ini pada gilirannya menyebabkan erosi. Perubahan lingkungan ini mempunyai suatu Dampak hal negatif dengan diam-diam mata pencarian dari orang-orang.
Sebagai imbangan, aku percaya bahwa mengurangi dari pohon harus dikutuk. Beristirahat fakta bahwa kayu adalah yang penting bagi bangunan dan mebel, orang perlu regu untuk berbagi bumi dengan makhluk dan makhluk hidup yang lain, yang tidak hanya eksploitasi merekanya.
New Dinosaur type.
Two new species of dinosaurs, one a quick-moving meat-eater and the other a giant-plant-eater, have been discovered in Antarctica. The 70 million-year-old fossil of the carnivore would have rested for millenniums at the bottom of the Antarctic Sea, while the remains of the 30-meter-long plant-eater were found on the top of a mountain.
The little carnivore - about. L8 meters tall - was found on James Ross Island, off the coast of the Antarctic Peninsula,
Not yet named, the animal probably floated out to the sea after it died and settled to the bottom of what was then a shallow area of the Weddell Sea. Its hones and teeth suggest it may represent a population of two-legged carnivores that survived in the Antarctic long after other predators took over elsewhere on the globe, "For whatever reason, they were still hanging out in the Antarctic continent," Case said in a statement.
A second team led by William Hammer of Augustana College in Rock Island, Illinois, found the 200 million-year-old plant-eater's fossils on a mountaintop 13,000 feet (3,900 meters) high near the Beardmore Glacier. Now known as Mt^ Kirk Patrick, the area was once a soft riverbed.
Artinya:
Jenis dinosaurus baru
Dua jenis yang baru tentang dinosaurus, satu suatu quick-moving meat-eater dan yang lain adalah suatu giant-plant-eater, telah ditemukan di dalam Antarctica. Yang berumur 70 miliar tahun fosil dari binatang pemakan daging pasti telah beristirahat untuk millenniums pada dasar Laut yang Antarctic, sedang sisa dari 30-meter-long plant-eater telah ditemukan di atas suatu gunung.
Binatang pemakan daging yang kecil sekitar. L8 meter jangkung telah ditemukan pada atas Pulau James Ross, mulai pantai dari Semenanjung yang Antarctic, Yang belum nama, binatang yang mungkin mengapung ke luar ke laut setelah itu meninggal dan mantap ke alas dari apa yang kemudian adalah suatu area yang dangkal dari Weddell laut itu. Gigi dan Batu minyak nya menyarankan mungkin menghadirkan suatu populasi dari binatang pemakan daging berkaki dua yang selamat di Yang Antarctic lama setelah pemangsa yang lain mengambil alih di tempat lain dengan diam-diam bola bumi, " Karena apapun juga alasan yang, mereka masih menggantungkan di Benua yang Antarctic," Case/Kasus berkata brown statemen.
Suatu regu second yang dipimpin oleh William Palu dari Augustana College/Perguruan Tinggi di dalam Pulau Batu karang, Illinois, menemukan yang 200 million-year-old fosil plant-eater pada atas suatu mountaintop 13,000 kaki ( 3,900 meter) tinggi dekat Beardmore Gletser. Sekarang mengenal sebagai Mt^ Patrick Gereja, area adalah sekali se palung yang lembut.
Petroleum.
We cannot, of course, see the oil which is trapped deep down in the ground. Men must study the rocks carefully. When they think that the rocks in a certain place may contain oil, a metal tower called a derrick is built. A machine in the derrick gradually cuts a narrow hole down into the ground. As the hole is made, a steel pipe is pushed down to stop the sides from falling in, and to keep out water. At last, if the men have judged correctly, the hole reaches the oil. Usually the oil rushes up the pipe with great force, driven by the pressure of the gas in the top of the layer of rock, and it streams high into the air. If this oil should catch a light, (here would be a terrible fire. A kind of lid is fixed to the top of the pipe, and the oil is allowed to flow out gently through taps. After a "well" has been used for a long time, it may be L necessary to use a pump to get the oil out.
Oil is obtained more easily than coal. Men must dig coal from a mine, but oil rushes up a pipe. Often several wells are made, each reaching the same supply of oil in the ground. If a well is made near the middle of the oil-field, gas will be obtained. This may blow out of the well with great force if it is not controlled. In parts of America such gas is sent through pipes to distant towns, and used, like coal-gas, in houses and factories.
The oil which comes from a well may be a pale brown, flowing liquid, but more often it is dark brown, thick and sticky. It is a mixture of many kinds of hydrocarbons. The factories in which the various oils (petrol, kerosene, etc) are taken out of this mixture are often many miles away from the wells; in fact, they may be in another country across the sea- The crude oil (petroleum) is sent to these places, or to ships at a port, through steel pipes. The pipes may cross hundreds, of miles of land, and pumps at various places drive the sticky petroleum along.
Artinya:
Minyak bumi
Kita tidak bisa, tentu saja, lihat minyak yang mana adalah terjerat bawah mendalam di tanah itu. Orang harus belajar batu karang secara hati-hati. Ketika mereka berpikir bahwa batu karang brown tempat yang tertentu boleh berisi minyak, suatu menara yang metal yang disebutsuatu alat pemboran minyak dibangun. Sebagai suatu mesin di alat pemboran minyak yang]secara berangsur-angsur memotong suatu membatasi lubang ke dalam tanah itu. Seperti lubang dibuat, sebagai suatu pipa baja ditekan untuk stop sisi dari runtuh, dan untuk tinggal diluar air. Pada akhirnya, jika orang-orang sudah menghakimi dengan tepat, lubang menjangkau minyak [itu]. Pada umumnya minyak muncul pipa dengan kekuatan yang besar, yang dikemudikan oleh tekanan dari memasang gas di puncak lapisan dari batu karang, dan itu arus yang tinggi ke udara. Jika minyak ini perlu menyala, di sini akan menjadi suatu api yang mengerikan. Semacam penutup ditempatkan di puncak pipa, dan minyak diijinkan untuk mengalir keluar dengan lemah-lembut melalui/sampai ketukan. Hingga batas tertentu "dengan baik" telah digunakan dalam jangka waktu panjang, mungkin saja L menggunakan suatu pompa untuk keluar minyak.
Minyak diperoleh dengan mudah dibanding batubara. Orang harus menggali batubara dari suatu tambang, tetapi meminyaki muncul suatu pipa. Sering beberapa sumur-sumur dibuat, masing-masing mencapai yang sama persediaan dari meminyaki di tanah itu. Jika suatu sumur dibuat dekat pertengahan dari lapangan minyak, gas akan diperoleh. Ini boleh memadamkan dari baik-baik dengan kekuatan yang besar jika itu tidaklah dikendalikan. Pada sebagian dari Amerika gas seperti itu dikirim melalui/sampai pipa ke kota yang jauh, dan digunakan, sepertigas lampu, di dalam rumah dan pabrik-pabrik.
Minyak yang datang dari suatu sumur mungkin adalah suatu warna coklat yang pucat, mengalir cairan, tetapi lebih sering itu adalah warna coklat yang gelap, lengket dan tebal. Ini merupakan suatu campuran dari banyak macam dari hidrokarbon. Pabrik-Pabrik di mana berbagai minyak ( gasolin, minyak tanah, dll) diberi pelajaran terhadap campuran ini adalah sering banyak miles menjauh dari sumur; sesungguhnya, mereka mungkin adalah di dalam negeri yang lain ke seberang laut- Minyak mentah ( minyak tanah) dikirim ke tempat ini, atau ke kapal pada suatu pelabuhan, melalui/sampai baja menyalurkan lewat pipa. Pipa boleh menyeberang ratusan, dari miles dari daratan, dan memompa pada berbagai tempat memandu minyak tanah yang lengket sepanjang..
Inflation
Before gold and silver were brought to Europe from the Spanish and Portuguese colonies in Latin America during the sixteenth century, inflation had not been a major problem. Since that time, however, inflation has been a significant economic issue, especially during and after wars.
Currently, in many countries of the world, people are problem caused by inflation, which is a decrease in the purchasing power of money because of continuous rises in the prices of available goods. There are two different kinds of inflation, each of which can affect people's lives.
When inflation is discussed, people generally refer to an increase in prices, wages, and the amount of money circulating in a country's economy. The most common type of inflation is called creeping inflation because there is a steady but manageable increase in the rate of inflation within a year. Prices rise continuously so that workers ask for higher wages to cover the increasing costs of housing, food, and transportation. Although such wage increases are inflationary, they are often unavoidable. As a result, a government may have to impose price and wage controls in order to control this type of inflation.
A less common type of inflation is called hyperinflation, which is usually due to war or occupation by a foreign country. During a period of hyperinflation, price levels double rapidly. As there is too much money available in the economy, the currency decreases in value, and people lose confidence in their government’s financial competence. To win back the trust of the people, the government may create a new currency.
Artinya:
Inflasi
Sebelum emas dan perak telah dibawa ke Eropa dari Spanyol Dan Bangsa Portugis jajahan di dalam Amerika Latin sepanjang abad yang yang keenambelas, inflasi belum suatu masalah utama. Sejak itu, bagaimanapun, inflasi telah menjadi suatu masalah ekonomi yang penting, terutama selama dan setelah peperangan.
Sekarang ini, di dalam banyak negara-negara dunia, orang-orang adalah masalah disebabkan oleh inflasi, yang mana adalah suatu pengurangan di daya beli dari uang oleh karena kenaikan yang berlanjut di harga dari barang-barang yang yang tersedia. Ada dua macam yang berbeda tentang inflasi, masing-masing yang mana dapat mempengaruhi hidup masyarakat.
Kapan inflasi dibahas, orang-orang secara umum mengacu pada suatu peningkatan di dalam harga, gaji, dan jumlah uang berputar-putar brown ekonomi negeri. paling umum Jenis inflasi disebut merambat inflasi sebab ada suatu mantap tetapi peningkatan yang yang dapat dikendalikan di tingkat inflasi di dalam satu tahun. H
arga naik secara terus-menerus sedemikian sehingga para pekerja meminta gaji lebih tinggi untuk menutup meningkatkan biaya-biaya dari memondokkan, makanan, dan transportasi. Walaupun upah peningkatan seperti itu adalah menyebabkan inflasi, mereka adalah sering tak terelakkan. Sebagai hasilnya, suatu pemerintah mungkin punya untuk memaksakan harga dan pengendalian upah dalam rangka mengendalikan inflasi jenis ini.
Suatu lebih sedikit umum jenis inflasi disebut hiperinflasi, yang mana adalah pada umumnya dalam kaitan dengan peperangan atau penempatan/pendudukan oleh suatu negeri yang asing. Selama masa hiperinflasi, menghargai tingkatan menggandakan dengan cepat. [Seperti/Ketika] ada terlalu banyak uang tersedia di ekonomi, mata uang penurunan nilai, dan orang-orang hilang[kan kepercayaan candi-candi tua itu masih dapat dilihat, tetapi kemampuan/wewenang keuangan pemerintah. Untuk memenangkan punggung kepercayaan dari orang-orang, pemerintah boleh menciptakan suatu mata uang yang baru.b
Inscrutable fish.
Once there was an Indian who had a pet fish named Tommy, which he kept in barrel. But the fish got pretty big and the Indian had to change the water a good deal to keep him alive. He was to lazy to do that, and he thought he would teach the fish to live without water. So he did. He began by taking Tommy out of the barrel for a few minutes at a time, pretty often, and then he took him out oftener and kept him out longer, and after a time Tommy got so he could stay out a good while if he was in the grass.
Then the Indian found he could leave it in the wet grass all night, and pretty soon that fish could live in the shade whether the grass was wet or not. By that time it had got pretty tame too, and he used to follow the Indian around a good deal, and when the Indian went out to dig worms for it to eat. Tommy went along too and got some for it self. The Indian thought every thing of that fish, and when Tommy got so he didn’t need any water at all, but could go anywhere - down the dusty road and stay all day out in the hot sun - you never saw the Indian without his fish. Some people wanted to buy Tommy but the Indian said that he wouldn’t sell a fish like that for any money. You ‘d see him coming to town with Tommy following along the road behind, just like a dog, only of course it traveled a good deal like a snake, and almost as fast.
Well, it was pretty sad that the way that Indian lost his fish and it was unusual too. He started for town one day with Tommy coming along behind as usual. There was a bridge in the road and the Indian came to it where he saw there was a hole in it, but he went on over it without thinking. A little later he looked round for Tommy and Tommy wasn’t there. He went back away and called, but he couldn’t see anything of his pet. Then he came to the bridge and saw the hole, and he thought right away that may be his fish had got in there. So he went to the hole and looked down, and sure enough, there was Tommy, floating on the water, bottom-side up. He’d fallen though the hole into the river and drowned.
Artinya:
Ikan ajaib
Sekali ketika ada suatu Orang India siapayang mempunyai suatu ikan binatang kesayangan nama Solder timah, yang ia bertahan barrel. Tetapi ikan yang diperoleh besar cantik dan Orang India harus lebih dulu berubah air adalah suatu transaksi menguntungkan untuk [menyimpan/pelihara] dia dalam keadaan hidup. Ia adalah ke malas mendesak untuk berbuat bahwa, dan ia pikir ia akan mengajar ikan untuk [tinggal/hidup] tanpa air. Maka ia lakukan. Ia mulai dengan Tommy/Solder Timah ke luar dari barrel untuk beberapa beberapa menit pada waktu yang sama, cantik sering, dan kemudian ia mengambil dia ke luar sering dan tinggal diluar dia lebih panjang, dan Tommy/Solder Timah waktu hingga batas tertentu yang diperoleh maka ia bisa meninggalkan rumah lama juga jika ia adalah di rumput itu.
Kemudian Orang India yang ditemukan ia bisa meninggalkannya di rumput yang basah semalam suntuk, dan cantik segera ikan itu bisa [tinggal/hidup] di keteduhan apakah rumput adalah basah atau bukan. Pada waktu itu mempunyai anteng/jinak cantik juga, dan ia dulu mengikuti Orang India di sekitar suatu transaksi menguntungkan, dan ketika Orang India pergi ke menggali cacing untuk makan. Solder Timah pergi sepanjang terlalu dan beberapa diperoleh untuk dirinyasendiri. Orang India pikir semuanya menyangkut ikan itu, dan ketika Tommy/Solder Timah yang diperoleh maka ia tidak memerlukan air apapun sama sekali, tetapi bisa meninggalkan- sepanjang jalan yang berdebu dan tinggal sepanjang hari ke luar di matahari yang panas- kamu tidak pernah lihat Orang India tanpa ikan nya. Sebagian orang ingin membeli Tommy/Solder Timah tetapi Orang India yang dikatakan bahwa ia tidak akan menjual suatu ikan seperti halnya seekor anjing, hanya tentu saja itu menempuh perjalanan suatu transaksi menguntungkan seperti suatu ular, dan hampir ketika cepat.
Dengan baik, itu adalah sedih cantik bahwa jalanyang Orang India hilang ikan nya dan itu adalah tidak biasa juga. Ia menjadi calon kota suatu hari dengan Tommy/Solder Timah mengikuti/ ikut serta di belakang seperti biasanya. Ada suatu jembatan di jalan dan Orang India sampai di sana di mana ia lihat ada suatu lubang di dalamnya, tetapi ia terus di atas tanpa berpikir. Suatu kemudiannya sedikit ia melihat-lihat untuk Tommy/Solder Timah dan Tommy/Solder Timah bukan ke sana. Ia kembali pergi dan dipanggil, tetapi ia tidak bisa lihat apapun dari binatang kesayangan nya. Kemudian ia datang kepada jembatan dan lihat lubang itu, dan ia pikir segera itu mungkin adalah ikannya mempunyai di dalam ke sana. Maka ia pergi ke lubang dan mengawasi, dan benar-benar, ada Solder.
Concerning earth
The world’s largest zone is the rim of the Pacific Ocean. It is here that 81 percent of the world’s largest earthquakes occur. The belt extends from Chile northward along the western coast of South America, Central America, Mexico, and the United – States and the southern part of Alaska then through the Alcution Islands to Japan, the Philippines Islands, and New Guinea, the island groups of the southwest Pacific and to New Zealand. This area is ripe for earthquakes because of the elevation changes in the mountains, the highest part of the earth’s crust, and in the ocean trenches - the lowest part of the crust.
The second zone is the Alpide. This belt extends from Java to Sumatra in Indonesia through the Himalayas on the Mediterranean and out into the Atlantic. This belt accounts for about 17 percent of the world’s largest earthquakes. The third belt follows the submerged mid – Atlantic ridge.
The earth is not a static planet. The large slabs of the earth’s crust (tectonic plates) are in continual slow motion. An earthquake occurs when these plates move. The movement causes rock to be squeezed, bent, and stretched. This tremendous pressure eventually forces the rock to break, and the plates lurch into a new position. The underground place where the rock moves or breaks is called the focus. The epicenter is the area directly above the focus on the earth’s surface. These movements cause large fractures, or faults, in the earth’s crust, and along these fault lines most earthquakes occur. The adjustments that follow a major earthquake which often generate smaller quakes are called aftershocks. Aftershocks or tremors are usually much weaker than the main series of quakes and can follow for months while the area resettles.
Earthquakes can strike anywhere in the world, but through the years they have principally occurred in three large zones of the earth.
Artinya:
Mengenai bumi
Zone yang paling besar dunia adalah velk dari Pacific samudra itu. Itu adalah di sini bahwa 81 persen gempabumi yang paling besar dunia terjadi. Sabuk meluas dari Chile/Cili ke utara sepanjang pantai yang barat tentang Selatan Amerika, Amerika yang pusat, Mexico, dan dipersatukan- Negara dan selatan bagian dari Alaska kemudian sampai Alcution Island/Pulau ke Jepang, negara Pilipina Islands, dan Guinea yang baru, kepulauan dari Pacific barat daya dan ke Selandia Baru. Area ini adalah matang untuk gempabumi oleh karena pengangkatan/tingginya ber;ubah di pegunungan, yang paling tinggi bagian dari kulit keras bumi, dan di parit samudra- yang paling rendah bagian dari yang kulit keras.
Zone yang kedua adalah Alpide itu. Ini sabuk meluas dari pulau Jawa ke Sumatra di Indonesia sampai Himalayas dengan diam-diam Mediterranean/Mediterania dan ke luar ke dalam Lautan Atlantik . Sabuk ini memegang buku untuk sekitar 17 persen gempabumi yang paling besar dunia. Sabuk yang yang ketiga dengan kata-kata sebagai berikut menyelam pertengahan- Atlantic/Lautan Atlantik punggung bukit/bubungan.
Bumi bukanlah suatu planet yang statis. Papan yang besar kulit keras dibumi ( plat yang tektonis) adalah di dalam gerak lambat yang berkesinambungan. Suatu gempabumi terjadi ketika plat ini pindah;gerakkan. Pergerakan menyebabkan batu karang untuk ditekan, dibengkokkan, dan meregangkan. Tekanan luar biasa ini secepatnya angkatan perang batu karang untuk pecah;kan, dan bahaya/kesukaran plat ke dalam suatu posisi yang baru. Tempat di mana bawah tanah gerak batu karang atau retakan disebut fokus . Pusat gempa adalah area secara langsung di atas fokus dengan diam-diam permukaan bumi. Pergerakan ini menyebabkan retak yang besar, atau menyalahkan, di kulit keras bumi, dan sepanjang bentuk kesalahan ini kebanyakan gempabumi terjadi. Penyesuaian yang diikuti suatu gempabumi yang utama yang sering menghasilkan gempa
Gempabumi dapat membentur di manapun di dunia, tetapi sampai tahun yang mereka sudah terutama terjadi di tiga zone yang besar [di] bumi.
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